[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"$fw3trc29ef11y":3},{"data":4,"error":8},{"id":5,"documentId":6,"heading":7,"body":8,"slug":9,"name":10,"medical_code":8,"short_description":11,"alternate_name":8,"disambiguating_description":8,"citations":12,"drugs":34,"specialties":41,"cover":8},1191,"oe0calb0ifxavvkwzfnfm7ro","حاصرات مستقبِل الغلوتامات الأيونوتروبي",null,"ionotropic-glutamate-receptor-antagonists","Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonists","Ionotropic glutamate receptors are ligand-gated cation channels for glutamate, the principal excitatory transmitter of the central nervous system. The NMDA type is a heterotetrameric channel with high calcium permeability whose activation requires three things at once: L-glutamate at the GluN2 subunit, glycine or D-serine at the GluN1 subunit, and membrane depolarisation sufficient to lift the voltage-dependent magnesium block. Drugs in this class block such a channel: UniProt records that dizocilpine causes long-lasting and almost complete block of NMDA receptor activity, and that 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate almost completely blocks it while 7-chlorokynurenate partially inhibits it. The label for one member, ketamine, describes the resulting state of unconsciousness as 'dissociative' anaesthesia, in which association pathways to the brain appear to be interrupted before somesthetic sensory blockade is produced. The class is mixed: the cited list also holds acamprosate, whose action is not clean ionotropic channel block, and butobarbital, a barbiturate.",[13,19,23,27],{"claims":14,"source":15,"licence":16,"source_url":17,"retrieved_at":18},"heterotetrameric ligand-gated cation channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent Mg(2+) block; activation requires L-glutamate at GluN2, glycine or D-serine at GluN1 and membrane depolarisation; block by dizocilpine, 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate and 7-chlorokynurenate","UniProt Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 (Q05586)","not stated on source page","https:\u002F\u002Frest.uniprot.org\u002Funiprotkb\u002FQ05586.json","2026-09-19",{"claims":20,"source":21,"licence":16,"source_url":22,"retrieved_at":18},"ketamine produces a state of unconsciousness termed 'dissociative' anaesthesia, appearing to interrupt association pathways to the brain before producing somesthetic sensory blockade","DailyMed SPL, ZETAMINE (ketamine hydrochloride) injection, MWI\u002FVetOne, for cats and non-human primates","https:\u002F\u002Fdailymed.nlm.nih.gov\u002Fdailymed\u002FdrugInfo.cfm?setid=2bcab3bd-78bc-4407-a057-0f21b80fb514",{"claims":24,"source":25,"licence":16,"source_url":26,"retrieved_at":18},"the 20 members, including acamprosate, butobarbital, dextromethorphan, esketamine, ifenprodil, ketamine, memantine, methadone and perampanel","RxClass \u002F MED-RT class members, Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonists (N0000020014)","https:\u002F\u002Frxnav.nlm.nih.gov\u002FREST\u002Frxclass\u002FclassMembers.json?classId=N0000020014&relaSource=MEDRT",{"claims":28,"source":29,"licence":30,"source_url":31,"harvested_by":32,"retrieved_at":33},"Arabic name (heading)","bAItari term layer and label review (model-written, reviewer-confirmed)","original Arabic name","https:\u002F\u002Fbaitari.vet\u002Fdrug-classes\u002Fionotropic-glutamate-receptor-antagonists","apply-label-arabic.cjs label-core-2026-10-23","2026-10-23",[35],{"id":36,"documentId":37,"slug":38,"name":39,"active_ingredient":40,"dosage_form":8,"administration_route":8},2006,"vzoh21risqk9k5ucfikgofyf","ketamine","Ketamine","Ketamine hydrochloride",[]]