[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"notifications-list":3,"$fnvgxw5vts04c":5},{"data":4},[],{"data":6,"error":18},{"id":7,"documentId":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"associated_anatomy":11,"differential_diagnosis":12,"epidemiology":13,"expected_prognosis":14,"pathophysiology":15,"primary_prevention":16,"sign_or_symptom":17,"medical_code":18,"species":19,"citations":22,"is_zoonotic":18,"reservoir":18,"drugs":38,"medical_tests":53,"clinical_signs":54,"animal_species":55},116,"gx0rf6pbk00x5p9rlai2h5p7","atopic-dermatitis","Atopic dermatitis","Skin and epidermal barrier, ear canals and pinnae, feet and distal limbs, face and periocular skin, axillae, groin, perineum; in cats also respiratory tract, conjunctiva and gut","Flea allergy dermatitis favours the lumbosacral area, tail base and thighs and is excluded by flea combing and strict flea control. Sarcoptic mange, which cross-reacts with dust mite allergens, needs scrapings or a treatment trial; demodicosis needs deep scrapings or hair plucks. Staphylococcal pyoderma and Malassezia dermatitis are identified on cytology. Cutaneous adverse food reaction can look identical, often with gut signs, and is excluded only by a strict elimination diet of at least 8 weeks. Allergy tests identify allergens but do not diagnose the disease.","Atopic dermatitis is estimated to affect about 10 to 15% of dogs. Genetics weigh heavily: in UK Labrador and golden retrievers, genetic background accounted for almost half the risk. Predisposed dog breeds include German shepherd, boxer, West Highland white terrier, French bulldog, shar-pei, pug, dachshund and several spaniels, with geographic variation; in cats, Devon rex, Abyssinian and domestic shorthairs are predisposed. Signs usually start between 6 months and 3 years of age in dogs and before 3 years in cats. Itch may be seasonal when pollens are involved or year-round with dust mites or food. Flares are triggered by environmental allergens, food ingredients, flea bites and secondary infections.","A lifelong disease requiring lifelong management of itch, skin care and flares. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is described as the only possibly curative option.","Atopic dermatitis is a genetically predisposed, inflammatory and itchy allergic skin disease, most often associated with IgE antibodies against environmental allergens such as house dust mites and pollens. A defective epidermal barrier, with reduced ceramides and increased transepidermal water loss even in non-lesional skin, lets allergens penetrate. A T-helper-2 response releases interleukins 4 and 13, and interleukin 31 drives itch, with serum levels tracking lesion severity. House dust mite proteases may further disrupt junction proteins between skin cells. Scratching and inflammation damage the skin and invite secondary staphylococcal and Malassezia infections that intensify flares. Because the role of IgE in cats is unclear, the feline disease is often called atopy-like dermatitis.","Identify and avoid flare factors: year-round flea control, allergen avoidance, exclusion of food triggers; regular bathing and skin care; allergen-specific immunotherapy and proactive topical therapy to delay flares.","Itch comes first and may precede lesions: scratching, licking, chewing, rubbing, scooting and head shaking. Erythema is the primary lesion, followed by self-induced hair loss, excoriation and secondary infection. In dogs the face, concave ear pinnae, axillae, ventral abdomen, groin, perineum and distal limbs including the front feet are typical, and otitis externa occurs in about half. Cats show head and neck itch, miliary dermatitis with small crusted papules, self-induced alopecia, or eosinophilic plaques, granulomas and indolent ulcers, sometimes with sneezing, conjunctivitis, vomiting or diarrhoea.",null,[20,21],"Dogs","Cats",[23,30,34],{"claims":24,"source":25,"licence":26,"source_url":27,"harvested_by":28,"retrieved_at":29},"definition, seasonality, clinical signs and distribution, Favrot criteria age \u003C3 years, differential diagnoses and how each is excluded, allergen testing","Hensel P, Santoro D, Favrot C, Hill P, Griffin C. Canine atopic dermatitis: detailed guidelines for diagnosis and allergen identification. BMC Veterinary Research, 2015","CC BY 4.0","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC4531508\u002F","load-reference-corpus.cjs","2026-09-17",{"claims":31,"source":32,"licence":26,"source_url":33,"harvested_by":28,"retrieved_at":29},"flare factors, flea control, elimination diets, bathing and skin care, flare prevention with immunotherapy and proactive topical therapy","Olivry T et al. Treatment of canine atopic dermatitis: 2015 updated guidelines from the International Committee on Allergic Diseases of Animals (ICADA). BMC Veterinary Research, 2015","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC4537558\u002F",{"claims":35,"source":36,"licence":26,"source_url":37,"harvested_by":28,"retrieved_at":29},"prevalence, genetics, Th2 and IL-31, skin barrier, dust mite proteases, breeds in dogs and cats, age of onset, lesion distribution, otitis, feline reaction patterns, differentials, lifelong disease, immunotherapy as possibly curative","Gedon NKY, Mueller RS. Atopic dermatitis in cats and dogs: a difficult disease for animals and owners. Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2018","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ebi.ac.uk\u002Feuropepmc\u002Fwebservices\u002Frest\u002FPMC6172809\u002FfullTextXML",[39,43,48],{"id":40,"documentId":41,"slug":42,"name":42},1867,"zn4ozmqt343xgw12ho76tr84","ilunocitinib",{"id":44,"documentId":45,"slug":46,"name":47},1621,"nzd2z5mt8ee17drn6tdylfgx","cyclosporine","Cyclosporine",{"id":49,"documentId":50,"slug":51,"name":52},1620,"k22vgyyuitiqz8oi3ogpk3xs","oclacitinib","Oclacitinib",[],[],[56,61],{"id":57,"documentId":58,"slug":59,"name_en":60,"name_ar":18},1414,"rvkmhyozs6s1tlfu4ehuopce","dog","Dog",{"id":62,"documentId":63,"slug":64,"name_en":65,"name_ar":18},1426,"j7o7tp1w2784juwb4te34z5r","domestic-cat","Domestic cat"]