Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus
تعريف
The channel catfish is North America's principal farmed food fish and among the best documented warmwater aquaculture species anywhere, with 688,789 tonnes produced in 2024. It is a scaleless ictalurid of the Mississippi and Great Lakes basins carrying sharp dorsal and pectoral spines that injure careless handlers, growing best near 29.4 degrees Celsius, and finding food chiefly by taste: taste buds cover the entire body surface and are densest on the barbels and gill arches. US ponds carry fish to about 1.25 pounds at roughly 18 months. It is a cavity spawner that will use only secluded semi-dark sites, which is why commercial ponds need spawning containers, and it usually matures at three years. Two bacterial diseases define its clinical picture. Enteric septicaemia, caused by Edwardsiella ictaluri, and columnaris are the industry's top two; ESC runs within a temperature window of 20 to 28 degrees Celsius in spring and autumn, kills from under 10 to over 50 per cent of a pond, and produces ascites, exophthalmos, a mottled necrotic liver and, when the organism ascends the nares and olfactory tract, meningoencephalitis with spiralling and tail-chasing. Florfenicol needs a Veterinary Feed Directive, and resistance to it is now reported.
المؤشّرات الحيوية
- الوزن عند البلوغ
- 0.57 – 26.3
- العمر المتوقّع
- ≤ 40 مصادر متعارضة
- مدّة الحضانة
- 3 – 10 مصادر متعارضة
- أقصى طول
- 132
- حرارة الماء المثلى
- 23 – 30
- العمر عند أول تكاثر
- 2 – 5 years
0.57 kg is the typical US farm harvest weight at about 18 months (SRAC gives 1.25 lb; kg conversion is mine). 26.3 kg is the FishBase maximum published weight, matching the 58 lb rod record cited by SRAC
SOURCES DISAGREE, widest span kept: FishBase gives a maximum reported age of 24 years; SRAC/Texas A&M Extension states the maximum age ever recorded is 40 years. Most farmed fish are harvested before 2 years
SOURCES DISAGREE, widest span kept: FishBase gives 3-8 days; SRAC/Texas A&M Extension gives 5-10 days, about 8 days at 26 C, with hatching success reduced below 18 C and above 30 C
total length, FishBase maximum; FishBase gives a common length of 57 cm SL
SRAC/Texas A&M Extension: best growth at about 29.4 C (85 F) and spawning at 23-30 C (75-85 F) with about 27 C optimum - the source states Fahrenheit and Celsius together. FishBase gives a species range of 10-32 C
SRAC/Texas A&M Extension: usually sexually mature at 3 years, some at 2, and wild fish sometimes not until after 5; FishBase gives maturity at 2-3 years
تُعرض المؤشّرات المُوثَّقة فقط. غياب مؤشّر هنا يعني أنه غير مذكور في مرجع موثوق لهذا النوع — لا أنه ناقص من الصفحة.
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