Golden hamster Mesocricetus auratus
تعريف
The golden or Syrian hamster is a small cricetid rodent brought into laboratories in 1930 because of its susceptibility to Leishmania and the ease with which it bred in captivity, and it has since become both a research animal and a common household pet. Adults weigh roughly 110 to 140 g and live about 18 to 36 months. Two features define handling. The everting cheek pouches, running from the cheeks back towards the shoulders, can be turned out and examined directly, which makes them unusually accessible for experimental observation. The stomach is divided into a keratinised, non-glandular forestomach ahead of a glandular compartment, with ingesta passing through in ten to sixty minutes, and the species is coprophagic. Reproduction is extraordinarily rapid: gestation is 15 to 18 days, litters average about eleven, and females can breed by four weeks of age, so unintended breeding is a real clinical risk. The hamster is a facultative hibernator, dropping core temperature from around 35 to 37 C to 6 to 7 C under short days and cold. Clinically it is the classic model of antibiotic-associated Clostridioides difficile typhlitis, with death following within three days in that model, which makes antibiotic choice a life-or-death decision.
المؤشّرات الحيوية
- الوزن عند البلوغ
- 0.11 – 0.14
- العمر المتوقّع
- 1.5 – 3.9
- مدّة الحمل
- 15 – 18
- معدّل ضربات القلب
- 300 – 600
- أقصى طول
- 20.3
- العمر عند أول تكاثر
- 0.9 – 1.6 months
- حرارة الجسم
- 37 – 38 C
MSD gives 110-140 g; AnAge gives adult weight 105 g. A Royal Society Open Science hibernation study used females of 102-171 g (mean 133 +/- 2.6 g), which is a study population rather than a reference range
MSD gives 18-36 months (1.5-3 years); AnAge maximum recorded longevity 3.9 years in captivity
NRC gives 15-18 days (also stated as 15.5 days); AnAge 16 days
MSD resting heart rate table; single source
MSD gives 6-8 inches; converted here to 15.2-20.3 cm
NRC gives females 28-30 days and males 42 days; AnAge female sexual maturity 48 days. Converted at 30.4 days per month, giving 0.9-1.6 months
Normal body temperature for the hamster as printed by the MSD Veterinary Manual hamster chapter (the manual's hamster chapter is explicitly Mesocricetus auratus, the golden/Syrian hamster). Healthy animal at a clinic examination; route not stated on the page. Printed in Fahrenheit first, 98-101 F, with the Celsius conversion the source itself gives. This is the MSD pet-owner version of the chapter, authored by Natalie Antinoff, DVM, DABVP and peer reviewed by Manuals staff; the professional hamster chapter carries no body temperature. Replaces the withdrawn single 38.1 C point taken from AnAge.
تُعرض المؤشّرات المُوثَّقة فقط. غياب مؤشّر هنا يعني أنه غير مذكور في مرجع موثوق لهذا النوع — لا أنه ناقص من الصفحة.
السلالات — لا يوجد ارتباط
لا سلالة منشورة لهذا النوع بعد. السلالات محصودة بأعداد كبيرة وتنتظر اعتماداً بشرياً قبل أن تُنشر.
كل السلالات ←العلامات السريرية — لا يوجد ارتباط
لا علامة سريرية منشورة بعد — وهي أيضاً ما ينقص باحث العلامات.
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