Rat Rattus

Rat2 مصادر موثّقة

تعريف

Rattus is a genus; the animal that fills laboratories and pet homes is the Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus, and the figures here are its. It earned its place in research through moderate size, prolific breeding, an omnivore's tolerance of varied diets and a tractable temperament, backed by a large body of existing data and strains bred for specific characteristics. Adults weigh 300 to 650 g, females smaller than males, with a body of 23 to 28 cm and a tail nearly as long. Gestation is 21 to 23 days, litters run eight to eighteen, weaning is at three weeks and females breed from six to twelve weeks; lifespan is short, 1.5 to about 3.8 years. Two conditions define the pet rat's clinical picture. Mycoplasma pulmonis produces chronic respiratory disease: sneezing, snorting and chattering, progressing to suppurative rhinitis, otitis and pneumonia with bronchiectasis and dense lymphoid cuffs around the airways. Mammary fibroadenoma is the commonest spontaneous mammary tumour, benign but collagen-rich, locally invasive and difficult to excise completely.

المؤشّرات الحيوية

الوزن عند البلوغ
0.3 – 0.65

Rattus norvegicus. MSD gives 350-650 g (females 350-450 g, males 450-650 g); AnAge gives 300 g; NRC uses a 300 g rat as its reference animal

العمر المتوقّع
1.5 – 3.8

Rattus norvegicus. MSD gives 1.5-3 years; AnAge maximum recorded longevity 3.8 years in captivity

مدّة الحمل
21 – 23

Rattus norvegicus. MSD gives 21-23 days; AnAge 21 days

حرارة الجسم
35.9 – 37.5

Rattus norvegicus. Loyola University Chicago 35.9-37.5 C; AnAge 37.1 C

معدّل ضربات القلب
250 – 450
مصادر متعارضة

Rattus norvegicus. CONTRADICTION KEPT: MSD resting heart rate table gives 250-400 bpm; Loyola University Chicago gives 250-450/min. Widest span covering both; not averaged

معدّل التنفّس
70 – 115

Rattus norvegicus. Loyola University Chicago 70-115/min; single source

أقصى طول
28

Rattus norvegicus. MSD gives a head-and-body length of 9 to 11 in (23 to 28 cm), with the tail adding 18 to 23 cm

العمر عند أول تكاثر
1.4 – 3 months

Rattus norvegicus. MSD gives 6-12 weeks (1.4-2.8 months); AnAge female sexual maturity 90 days (3.0 months). Converted at 30.4 days per month; widest span given

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