Isoflurane

For induction and maintenance of surgical anesthesia.

Do not use in horses intended for human consumption. Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

Isoflurane, USP

For induction and maintenance of surgical anesthesia.

Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

Isoflurane, USP

Isoflurane, USP is used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in horses and dogs.

WARNING: Not for use in horses intended for food.

Isoflurane, USP is an inhalation anesthetic. Induction and recovery from anesthesia with isoflurane are rapid.2,5 The level of anesthesia may be changed rapidly with isoflurane. Isoflurane is a profound respiratory depressant. RESPIRATION MUST BE MONITORED CLOSELY IN THE HORSE AND DOG AND SUPPORTED WHEN NECESSARY. As anesthetic dose is increased, both tidal volume and respiratory rate decrease.3,6 This depression is partially reversed by surgical stimulation, even at deeper levels of anesthesia. Blood pressure decreases with induction of anesthesia but returns toward normal with surgical stimulation. Progressive increases in depth of anesthesia produce corresponding decreases in blood pressure; however, heart rhythm is stable and cardiac output is maintained with controlled ventilation and normal PaCO2 despite increasing depth of anesthesia. The hypercapnia which attends spontaneous ventilation during isoflurane anesthesia increases heart rate and raises cardiac output above levels observed with controlled ventilation.3 Isoflurane does not sensitize the myocardium to exogenously administered epinephrine in the dog. Muscle relaxation may be adequate for intra-abdominal operations at normal levels of anesthesia. However, if muscle relaxants are used to achieve greater relaxation, it should be noted that: ALL COMMONLY USED MUSCLE RELAXANTS ARE MARKEDLY POTENTIATED WITH ISOFLURANE, THE EFFECT BEING MOST PROFOUND WITH THE NONDEPOLARIZING TYPE. Neostigmine reverses the effect of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants in the presence of isoflurane but does not reverse the direct neuromuscular depression of isoflurane.

WARNING: Not for use in horses intended for food.

Isoflurane, USP is contraindicated in horses and dogs with known sensitivity to isoflurane or to other halogenated agents.

WARNING: Not for use in horses intended for food.

Increasing depth of anesthesia with Isoflurane may increase hypotension and respiratory depression. The electroencephalographic pattern associated with deep anesthesia is characterized by burst suppression, spiking, and isoelectric periods⁴. Since levels of anesthesia may be altered easily and rapidly, only vaporizers producing predictable percentage concentrations of isoflurane should be used (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). The action of nondepolarizing relaxants is augmented by isoflurane. Less than the usual amounts of these drugs should be used. If the usual amounts of nondepolarizing relaxants are given, the time for recovery from myoneural blockade will be longer in the presence of isoflurane than in the presence of other commonly used anesthetics. Not for use in horses intended for human consumption. Not for use in Humans. Keep Out of Reach of Children.

IsofluraneInhalation AnestheticFor Use in Horses and Dogs

Not for use in horses intended for human consumption. Not for use in Humans. Keep Out of Reach of Children. CAUTION Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

IsofluraneInhalation AnestheticFor Use in Horses and Dogs

Hypotension, respiratory depression and arrhythmias have been reported. To report suspected adverse events, for technical assistance or to obtain a copy of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS), contact Dechra at (866) 933-2472. For additional information about adverse drug experience reporting for animal drugs, contact FDA at 1-888-FDA-VETS, or online at http://www.fda.gov/reportanimalae

Isospire™ (isoflurane) Inhalation Anesthetic For Use in Horses and Dogs

Hypotension, respiratory depression, and arrhythmias have been reported.

WARNING: Not for use in horses intended for food.

For induction of surgical anesthesia: 3 to 5 percent isoflurane (with oxygen) for 5 to 10 minutes. For maintenance of surgical anesthesia: 1.5 to 1.8 percent isoflurane (with oxygen).

Inhalation

Do not use in horses intended for human consumption. Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

Isoflurane, USP

3 to 5 percent isoflurane (with oxygen) for 5 to 10 minutes, then 1.5 to 1.8 percent isoflurane (with oxygen).

Inhalation

Administer by inhalation. Not for use in horses sensitive to halogenated agents. Increasing depth of anesthesia may increase hypotension and respiratory depression. Use less than usual amounts of nondepolarizing relaxants. Use with vaporizers producing predictable percentage concentrations. Not for use in horses intended for food. Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

Aerrane®

For induction of surgical anesthesia: 2 to 2.5 percent isoflurane (with oxygen) for 5 to 10 minutes. For maintenance of surgical anesthesia: 1.5 to 1.8 percent isoflurane (with oxygen).

Inhalation

Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

Isoflurane, USP

2 to 2.5 percent isoflurane (with oxygen) for 5 to 10 minutes, then 1.5 to 1.8 percent isoflurane (with oxygen).

Inhalation

Administer by inhalation. Not for use in dogs sensitive to halogenated agents. Increasing depth of anesthesia may increase hypotension and respiratory depression. Use less than usual amounts of nondepolarizing relaxants. Use with vaporizers producing predictable percentage concentrations. Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.

Aerrane®

Caution: Operating rooms and animal recovery areas should be provided with adequate ventilation to prevent accumulation of anesthetic vapors. Premedication: A premedication regimen, which may be employed depending upon the patient status, to avert excitement during induction, might include an anticholinergic, a tranquilizer, a muscle relaxant, and a short-acting barbiturate. Inspired Concentration: The delivered concentration of Isoflurane should be known. Isoflurane may be vaporized using a flow-through vaporizer specifically calibrated for isoflurane. Vaporizers delivering a saturated vapor which then is diluted (e.g., Vernitrol® vaporizer) also may be used. The delivered concentration from such a vaporizer may be calculated using the formula: % isoflurane = 100P₍ᵥ₎F₍ᵥ₎ ────────────── F₍ₜ₎(P₍ₐ₎ - P₍ᵥ₎) Where: Pₐ = Pressure of atmosphere Pᵥ = Vapor pressure of isoflurane Fᵥ = Flow of gas through vaporizer (mL/min) Fₜ = Total gas flow used (mL/min) Isoflurane contains no stabilizer. Nothing in the drug product alters calibration or operation of these vaporizers. Induction Horses: Inspired concentrations of 3.0 to 5.0% isoflurane alone with oxygen following a barbiturate anesthetic induction are usually employed to induce surgical anesthesia in the horse. Dogs: Inspired concentrations of 2.0 to 2.5% isoflurane alone with oxygen following a barbiturate anesthetic induction are usually employed to induce surgical anesthesia in the dog. These concentrations can be expected to produce surgical anesthesia in 5 to 10 minutes. Maintenance: The concentration of vapor necessary to maintain anesthesia is much less than that required to induce it. Horses: Surgical levels of anesthesia in the horse may be sustained with a 1.5 to 1.8% concentration of isoflurane in oxygen. Dogs: Surgical levels of anesthesia in the dog may be sustained with a 1.5 to 1.8% concentration of isoflurane in oxygen. The level of blood pressure during maintenance is an inverse function of isoflurane concentration in the absence of other complicating problems. Excessive decreases, unless related to hypovolemia, may be due to depth of anesthesia and in such instances may be corrected by lightening the level of anesthesia. Recovery from isoflurane anesthesia is typically uneventful.²

RESPIRATORY (INHALATION)

IsofluraneInhalation AnestheticFor Use in Horses and Dogs